Mitochondrial-targeted tetrapeptide. Binds cardiolipin in inner mitochondrial membrane to stabilize cristae and improve electron-transport efficiency.
This compound sits in research-grey territory. The caveats below carry more weight than for FDA-approved entries — read them.
Stealth Biotherapeutics' lead. Phase 3 trials in primary mitochondrial myopathy (MMPOWER series) had mixed outcomes. Investigated for Barth syndrome, AMD, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Not yet FDA-approved as of late 2025.
Not approved. Sponsor faced restructuring; trial replication remains a question. Self-experimentation skips required cardiac/renal monitoring.
Stack doesn't rank peptides — we surface the diversity of opinion. Each card paraphrases a public-record stance from a named source. Where they conflict is where you should slow down and read both.
Stealth Bio's Phase 3 ELAM-2 trial (mid-2024) showed Elamipretide reduces functional decline in Barth syndrome patients. The mechanism — cardiolipin-binding to stabilize mitochondrial inner membrane cristae — is well-characterized. FDA approval pursued for Barth syndrome; broader longevity / mitochondrial-aging applications are speculative extrapolations.
Outside the Barth syndrome indication, SS-31 has zero published Phase 3 efficacy data for general longevity or aging-related decline. Pre-clinical animal models suggest cardioprotective + cognitive benefits; translation to healthy-aging human use is unsupported by registered trials.
Per-claim grading. Each claim is graded independently — same peptide, different claims can carry different grades.
External links to PubMed searches, ClinicalTrials.gov, and FDA materials. We do not host papers — we point at canonical sources.
Pre-filled with this compound's published dose range: 40 mg · daily, subcutaneous
Draw volume exceeds 100 units (1 mL). Either reduce dose or split into multiple injections.
Calculator is a discussion tool. Verify reconstitution + dosing with a qualified provider. Stack is not a prescription source. Use sterile technique and inspect every vial.
Investigational — Stealth Bio Phase 3